Causes of forced migration from Venezuela to Colombia

Abstract

This article describes a series of causes for which Venezuelans leave their country, due to the deep multidimensional crisis, which for the most part would be expulsion factors (García, 2017) in a process that would be characterized as forced migration, from the perspective of Márquez and Delgado (2014), which is correlated with the recognition of refugee status, taking as reference the Geneva Convention of 1951 and the Declaration of Cartagena of 1984. In this way, through an investigation qualitative study, in which six discussion groups were held in the border city of Cúcuta in Colombia, with a highly vulnerable Venezuelan migrant population, intending to remain in the country and who received the support of the Scalabrinian Mission, it was possible to identify in
their speeches four main causes of the departure from Venezuela that coincide with the causes of forced migration and that would also characterize them as refugees, while do these: hunger and malnutrition; crisis and political blindness; violence; and loss of value of money and income. These aspects are some of those that push people to flee Venezuela in search of better living conditions